Title: Green synthesis of nanoparticles and their antimicrobial efficacy against drug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus

Author(s): N. Tlotleng, JM. John, DW Nyembe and W. Utembe

Source: Green synthesis of nanoparticles and their antimicrobial efficacy against drug resistant Staphylococcus aureus, in  Glover RL, Nyanganyura D, Mufamadi MS, Mulaudzi RB, Eds. Green Synthesis in Nanomedicine and Human Health. CRC Press, CRC press, ISBN 9780367710811

Abstract: Nanomaterials are being increasingly utilised in numerous medical applications, including the fight against microbial drug resistance that limits the effectiveness of current conventional treatments. Multi-drug resistant (MDR) Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is among the antibiotic resistant pathogens that cause many hospital-acquired and community-acquired respiratory, gastrointestinal, cardiovascular and dermatological infections globally. The aim of this chapter is to provide a comprehensive review on the biological synthesis of nanomaterials as well as their biocompatibility and efficacy against MDR S. aureus. In this regard, the chapter will provide different approaches of green synthesis of nanomaterials, which aims to implement sustainable processes using low-cost, environment-friendly, renewable and non-toxic reagents. The synthetic routes, advantages and disadvantages of each method will be discussed. Most importantly, the chapter will present the use of various types of nanomaterials (metal and metal oxide nanomaterials, fullerenes, carbon nanotubes, liposomes and dendrimers) against S. aureus.